Juan Qian, Kun Sun, Ping Shen, Min-zhi Yin Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, and Departments of Pediatric Cardiology and Pediatric Pathology, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, P. R. China |
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Background and aim of the study: A perimembranous ventricular septal defect (PMVSD) may be partially or completely occluded by aneurysms that originate from the tricuspid valve leaflets, though the exact mechanisms of closure remain unknown. It is hypothesized that valvar interstitial cells (VICs) mediate extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling in aneurysms via the secretion of a serine proteinase and its inhibitor. |
adjacent to the endothelium and smooth muscle cells of blood vessels. PAI-1 was identified in VICs found mainly in granulation tissues, and in endothelial cells. Two types of granulation tissue (myxoid and fibrous tissue) were associated with aneurysms. Nine aneurysms expressed a high uPA activity and a low PAI-1 activity (uPA/PAI-1 ratio 1.78), while six aneurysms expressed a low uPA activity and a high PAI-1 activity (uPA/PAI-1 ratio 0.14). |
Immunohistochemical Detection of uPA, PAI-1, and α-SMA in Aneurysms of Patients with Perimembranous Ventricular Septal Defect |
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