Artificial heart valves (AHVs) are crucial in the management of valvular heart disease, particularly for patients with severe valve dysfunction who are not candidates for repair. The development and clinical application of AHVs have progressed significantly, with advancements in materials, design, and biocompatibility. This review explores the biocompatibility of various types of artificial heart valves, including mechanical and biological valves, and examines long-term outcomes associated with their use. We discuss the factors influencing valve performance, complications, and advancements in technology that aim to improve patient outcomes.